Assume two projects with uncertain outcomes have the same ex…

Assume two projects with uncertain outcomes have the same expected value. Project A has two similar outcomes with similar probabilities of occurrence while project B has a low probability of a disaster and a high probability of a positive outcome. A ________ decision maker would choose Project A.

Consider the following economy: A representative consumer al…

Consider the following economy: A representative consumer allocates a fixed 24‐hour time endowment between labor and leisure. Leisure provides direct utility, while labor earns income used for consumption. A single firm hires labor to produce output, but production emits pollution, generating an external cost. A benevolent planner internalizes this cost when choosing labor. This exercise explores private versus social optima, the role of taxation, and comparative statics when preferences or technology change.  Consumer: