A 70-year-old patient is evaluated by a physical therapist w…

A 70-year-old patient is evaluated by a physical therapist with a diagnosis of low back pain, particularly spinal stenosis. The patient is able to describe symptoms worsening with standing or walking with symptoms radiating in the lower legs to the bottom of his feet that feels better when he sits down. What type of pain is this patient experiencing into the lower legs?

A 23-year-old patient presents with lumbopelvic pain that be…

A 23-year-old patient presents with lumbopelvic pain that began six days ago while bending down to pick up his shoes, resulting in immediate back pain. He has not been fearful of movement but is frustrated by the persistent discomfort. Over the past week, his symptoms have progressed to the upper posterior thigh. The objective examination reveals hypomobility and guarding with PAIVM assessment and minimal gluteal muscle weakness. Which treatment category does this patient fall into within the Treatment-Based Classification for low back pain (LBP)?

A key provision of the HIPAA Privacy Rule requiring that cov…

A key provision of the HIPAA Privacy Rule requiring that covered entities limit unnecessary or inappropriate access to and disclosure of protected health information. Disclosures should include only the minimum necessary amount of information to accomplish a given purpose is called maximum necessary standard.