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Which of the following interventions are recommended for the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP)? (Select all that apply)

Instructions: Match the blood product in Column A with its most appropriate indication in Column B.

The nurse is monitoring a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who is receiving BiPAP therapy. Which of the following findings should prompt the nurse to notify the healthcare provider?

A nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with dilated cardiomyopathy. Which of the following findings is most concerning and requires immediate intervention?

A nurse is caring for a patient with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) who is mechanically ventilated. The provider orders an increase in positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) from 8 cm H₂O to 12 cm H₂O to improve oxygenation. Which of the following complications should the nurse monitor for after increasing PEEP?

A 30-year-old patient with a history of severe asthma arrives at the emergency department in respiratory distress despite using their prescribed rescue inhaler at home. The patient is dyspneic, unable to speak in full sentences, and has audible wheezing. After administering high-dose albuterol and IV corticosteroids, the nurse notes that the patient’s wheezing suddenly disappears, and breath sounds are now nearly absent. What is the priority nursing action?

A patient using a peak flow meter has a red zone reading. What should the nurse instruct the patient to do?

A nurse is assessing a patient with heart failure who is exhibiting signs of decreased cardiac output. Which of the following findings would the nurse expect?

A 70-year-old patient with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is admitted to the ICU and placed on mechanical ventilation due to worsening hypoxemia. The patient is agitated, fighting the ventilator, and attempting to remove the endotracheal tube despite verbal reassurance. The nurse reviews the patient’s current ventilator settings and assessment findings: Mode: Assist-Control (AC) Tidal Volume: 450 mL Respiratory Rate: 18 breaths per minute FiO₂: 70% PEEP: 12 cm H₂O Blood pressure: 140/88 mmHg Heart rate: 115 bpm The provider orders medication therapy to optimize patient comfort and ventilator synchrony. Which medications should the nurse anticipate administering? Select all that apply

A patient with end-stage chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is admitted to the ICU with increasing dyspnea and confusion. The patient has a history of chronic hypercapnia. Arterial blood gas (ABG) results are as follows: pH: 7.32 PaCO₂: 68 mmHg PaO₂: 54 mmHg HCO₃: 30 mEq/L The nurse notes that the patient is receiving 100% oxygen via a non-rebreather mask. The nurse understands that this high level of oxygen may lead to which physiologic response?