The isomerization reaction between dihydroxyacetone phosphat…

The isomerization reaction between dihydroxyacetone phosphate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate DHAP ⇌ GAP occurs in glycolysis and has an equilibrium constant K’= 0.0475 under standard conditions (T = 298 K, pH = 7).  a) (5 pts) Calculate ΔG°′ (in kJ/mol) for this isomerization reaction. (R = 8.314 × 10−3 kJ mol−1 K−1). Enter the answer on the exam, show all your calculations for full credit on the worksheet. Use units where appropriate.b) (5 pts) Using the ΔG°′ you calculated in a), calculate ΔG for this reaction (in kJ/mol) when the initial concentration of DHAP is 2 × 10−4 M and the initial concentration of GAP is 3 × 10−6 M if T = 298K. Enter the answer on the exam, show all your calculations for full credit on the worksheet. Use units where appropriate.c) (3 pts) Is the reaction spontaneous under these conditions? Briefly explain your choice for credit.

The illustration below shows several oxygen-dissociation cur…

The illustration below shows several oxygen-dissociation curves for hemoglobin. Assume that curve 3 corresponds to hemoglobin with physiological concentrations of CO2 and 2,3-BPG at pH 7. Which curves (chose the curve number that best fits) represent each of the following perturbations?    a)  Decrease in CO2 [answer1]b)  Increase in 2,3-BPG [answer2]c)  Increase in pH [answer3]d)  Loss of quaternary structure [answer4]