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A nonspore-forming, slender gram-positive rod forming palisades and chains was recovered from a vaginal culture and grew well at a decreased pH.  The most likely identification is

An anaerobic gram positive bacillus that displays terminal spores on gram stain and swarms on agar when it grows is most likely

Of the following genera of anaerobic cocci, which one will stain Gram negative?

Material from a brain abscess is suspected to contain Bacteroides species.  Isolation of this organism is best accomplished by

What test(s) can be used to presumptively identify/differentiate Peptostreptococcus species?

Cycloserine cefoxitin fructose agar (CCFA) is selective for

What are the proteins that make up the anthrax toxin? How do they cause disease in the patient?

A Corynebacterium species recovered from a throat culture is considered a pathogen when

What is stage I of biofilm development?

What is stage IV of biofilm development?