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Which of the following bacteria species are primarily associated with infectious mastitis in Dairy Cattle 

Which disease processes are resultant of prion disease 

Which of the following cattle diseases is primarily associated with abortions in ruminants 

Which BOVINE disease is characterized by the following: Is of importance to herd health, causes a chronic malabsorptive syndrome through thickening of the GI tract. Clinically see weight loss despite adequate nutrition as well as watery diarrhea. Definitive diagnosis made on necropsy

Which of the following is a reportable foreign animal disease that is of significant concern to the US Food Supply 

“Mental Health and Public Safety” You are a new correctional officer at a local county detention center. You have been on the job for just over one year. Recently, you have been assigned to the crisis invention unit, which houses the mentally ill inmates. The job is stressful and dealing with the mentally ill is not an easy task. Since many mentally ill individuals do not seek assistance or take proper medications, many end-up in jails across America.  Last week, inmate Richard Jones began striking his head against the cell and throwing human waste at correctional officers. Since arriving at the detention center six months ago Jones has been written-up for throwing urine at officers eight different times. Jones is also positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Richard Jones is almost always combative towards staff and other inmates. Yesterday, Richard Jones began spitting blood at officers and refused to “cuff-up.” As a result, an extraction team was called to remove Jones from his cell. During the removal another correctional officer tore his anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) in his right knee. Jones then bit another officer on the left arm. Both officers are currently on administrative leave due their injuries.  Your supervisor had enough of Richard Jones and decided to tell you not to give Jones his medication since it has little effect. Jones then began shouting, “Give me my meds! Give me my meds! Give me my meds!” You realize your supervisor just wants to punish Jones for his previous behavior. Richard Jones then begins to bang his head against the cell door. Usually, you would notify the extraction team, but your supervisor states, “Rookie, let him hit his head, maybe it will knock some sense into him.” Ten minutes later Richard Jones falls to the ground and passes out. Your supervisor then calls for a paramedic to tend to Richard Jones. Fire/Rescue respond to the scene and treats Jones for his injury. Richard Jones then begins to attempt to bite Fire/Rescue workers, but you are able to grab Jones’ neck before he can assault anyone.  How do you ethically handle the situation? Does this situation warrant correctional misconduct? Why or why not? Does the situation change since your supervisor is giving you a direct order? How do you balance emotions with the law? Which ethical system would you utilize to support your response to this situation? Why? Please remember to be as detailed as possible and answer the scenario-based question in 3-4 paragraphs (4-6 sentences per paragraph).

“Pick a Side” You are a federal prosecutor for the United States Department of Justice and reside in Great Falls, Virginia. You and your family live in a typical single-family house and love the upscale neighborhood. You are close friends with the neighbors Bob and Sharon Wellington. However, three weeks ago Bob came over to your house to advise you he and Sharon were divorcing. You are surprised, but wished Bob the best and proceed to provide him some encouragement. You tell Bob, “Everything will work out in the end even if you have to sell the house.” You proceed to tell Bob, “We will still be friends even if you have to move down the road.”  A week later you are taking out the trash in the morning and notice Bob picking up the newspaper. Bob states, “I wish I could take my wife to the curb since she is trash.” You smile and walk back inside. Clearly, Bob and Sharon Wellington are not having an amicable divorce. However, as with many divorces the end is not pretty.     The next day Bob Wellington meets you outside as you are pulling your car into the driveway and states, “I just wish I could kill her and all my troubles will be gone. She is trying to take every cent from me! She taking my retirement fund, the house, and even the dog!” You tell Bob just to relax and everything will work out in the end. You even provide Bob Wellington with the business card of Larry Long an old friend from law school who is a divorce lawyer in Fairfax, Virginia. Bob replies, “Thanks, I appreciate it.” You tell Bob this is the least I can do for an old friend. You advise Bob, Larry Long is a great divorce lawyer and will have your back during the proceedings. You also tell Bob Wellington divorces happen every single day and he will get through it fine.  Several weeks pass and you arrive home one night after work to find Fairfax County Police surrounding the Wellington residence. You walk inside your house and turn on the 6 o’clock news to discover Bob Wellington allegedly killed Sharon Wellington by stabbing her three times in the back. Police are still on scene processing evidence. You are shocked at the brutality of the act.  Two weeks later you receive a call from the Commonwealth Attorney asking if Bob Wellington every made any comments or threatening remarks toward Sharon. You advise the attorney of your brief meeting with Bob Wellington and his remarks. However, you also emphasized you were shocked by the incident and never expected a messy divorce would lead to murder. The conversation ended pleasantly and you continue your legal research for the Department of Justice.   Less than three days later your old friend Larry Long calls you asking to be a character witness for Bob Wellington. Larry Long stated, “Bob said you were his close friend and new him for 11 years.” You respond, “Yes, he was a friend, but I can’t support his actions.” Bob’s lawyer says, “We really need you for at least a character witness after all his family turned on him and we do not have a single character witness.” Larry Long goes on to say, “Look we are not asking for anything else. Just say how you were friends with Bob and how much you valued the friendship.” Bob Wellington is facing life without the possibility of parole and Larry Long is attempting to at least obtain a lesser sentence for his client. You do not outright say “no” but feel uneasy due to the magnitude of the situation.  Ethically, how do you handle this situation? Should you advise the defense lawyer of your prior contact with the Commonwealth Attorney? Should you respectfully decline the invitation to be a character witness? Ethically, should you be a character witness for Bob Wellington? After all you were friends with Bob Wellington for over a decade. Should you be a witness for both the Commonwealth and the defense? Should you reject both sides in an attempt to avoid being pulled in to the court case? Which ethical system will guide your decision-making in this case? Why? Please remember to be as detailed as possible and answer the scenario-based question in 4-6 paragraphs (4-6 sentences per paragraph).

Each essay question is worth 10 points. The essay responses should be answered in 3-4 paragraphs (4-6 sentences per paragraph) using proper technical and grammar writing skills. Remember to be as detailed as possible when responding to the essay questions. Students are welcome to elaborate over the four paragraphs if time permits.

“Shoot/Don’t Shoot” You were hired four years ago by the local police department. On May 22, 2025 at approximately 0305 hours, you and your partner are dispatched for a call of “shots fired” in the area of Little River Turnpike and Wakefield Chapel Road in Annandale, Virginia. Upon arrival, you turn off the lights of the police cruiser. You then proceed to roll down the windows of your police cruiser and wait for approximately two minutes to determine if you hear any noises resembling a discharged firearm. You hear only silence and you say to your partner, “There is nothing, let’s roll. What do you think McDonald’s or IHOP tonight?” However, when you shift the cruiser into drive both you and your partner hear a loud bang coming from a small patch of woods along the side of the roadway. You immediately place the police cruiser back into park and both of you exit the vehicle with your flashlights. You gently shut the door of the cruiser not to alarm anyone who would be watching in case of an ambush situation. You and your partner began to walk toward the woods.  You then hear another loud bang similar to a discharged firearm coming from the wooded area and point your partner in the direction of the sound. You call for additional assistance using your radio, but the closest back-up unit is coming from Tysons Corner. Both you and your partner feel the need to take immediate action because you believe the sound is a gunshot and a person’s life could be endangered. Although the situation is not safe and secure both of you recognize someone could be in immediate danger.   All of a sudden you hear the sounds of footsteps from crushed dead leaves coming from the wooded area. The footsteps appear to be coming toward your general direction. You decide to send your partner from the left side of the wooded area and you will approach from the right side of the woods along the roadway. Both of you quickly agree to this approach in order to corner the suspect(s) while avoiding crossfire and preventing the suspect(s) from leaving the scene. As you approach the wooded area you can barely hear the any sounds because it appears the footsteps are now heading in the direction of your partner. Approximately three to five seconds later you hear your partner use his command voice to ask the suspect or suspects to exit the woods with their hands-up! You hear your partner yell, “Stop! Stop!” You have your service weapon handgun drawn and pointed in the direction where you hear footsteps striking dead leaves. Once again you hear your partner shout, “Exit the woods with your hands-up! You are surrounded!” At this point it is clear the footsteps striking the dead leaves are heading in the direction of your partner. You decided to holster your weapon and run in your partner’s direction since he is approximately 30-35 yards away. The area is poorly lit and you attempt to use your flashlight to spotlight the area from where the sounds of the footsteps are coming from. However, darkness still persists, despite the use of your department issued flashlight. You can now clearly hear the footsteps traveling at a faster pace toward your partner. You decide to shout, “Police! Identify yourselves and come out with your hands-up!” However, you do not receive a response from the suspect or suspects. It is extremely dark, but you believe you can see a silhouette in the distance. As the suspect emerges from the woods all you can see is a shadow in the darkness from your location. You continue to run in the general direction of your partner. As the suspect comes into view of your partner he observes the suspect’s hands inside their waistband. You hear your partner shout again, “Put your hands-up; now…stop!” From a distance, you think you see the suspect remove their hands from his waistband, but it is too dark to clearly see your partner’s location. However, your partner believes he saw the suspect appear to remove an unknown black object from his waistband and begin to raise his hands in an upward manner toward your partner. All of a sudden you hear two gunshots, “pop, pop” and silence. The gunshots were fired from your partner and struck the suspect twice in the chest. You quickly reach your partner and ask, “Are you alright?” Your partner says, “I’m good. I mean think so.” You shout over the handheld radio, “Shots fired.” Your partner follows police procedure and attempts to administer first aid to the suspect. You request medical assistance via the radio. Both you and your partner then administrator first aid for approximately six minutes before Fire/Rescue arrives on scene. A further investigation revealed the suspect was a 16-year-old boy. The unknown black object was another pack of fireworks with shiny black wrapping and the words “Black Cat Fireworks” written in yellow on the packaging. The 16-year-old boy later identified as; Andre Todd Miller who dies at Washington Hospital Center of the gunshot wounds at 0612 hours.  You and your partner are devastated by the tragic outcome. You are close friends with your partner and hangout all the time after work. However, you remember your partner made a few mistakes early in his career and does have a history with Internal Affairs. Although, his history is nothing serious he did receive a written reprimand for striking a suspect in the head with his radio after the suspect spit on him. However, you have worked with your partner for close to three years and believe the mistakes were in the past. According to other officers, your partner is a solid police officer who will always assists others. You do not want this incident to stain you or your partner’s career. The next day you meet your partner at his house and observe him crying because of the situation. You understand the family of Andre Todd Miller will sue your partner and the police department. You also understand your partner is under a lot of stress due to the incident and was placed on routine administrative leave. Of course, the incident is also all over the local news. Your partner respectfully asks you if you saw the unknown object pointed in his direction? Your partner’s family is terrified and fears Internal Affairs will attempt to not only terminate him, but could criminally charge him with murder or manslaughter. Your partner tells you, “Sorry…I’m just sorry you have to be a part of this.” Naturally you tell your partner you saw the object and would have done the exact same thing in order to ease his pain. You know your partner believed the object was a weapon, but you were unsure what the object was at the scene due to the distance, darkness, and general lack of lighting.  Two days later Internal Affair calls you into the office and begins to interview you about the incident. Ethically, how do you handle the situation? How would you respond to Internal Affairs questions regarding the incident? In your opinion, would you be able to answer Internal Affairs questions while protecting your partner? Why or why not? Should the officer be charged criminally in this case? What ethical system would you utilize to make a proper decision in this case? Why? Please remember to be as detailed as possible and answer the scenario-based question in 3-4 paragraphs (4-6 sentences per paragraph).   

Each essay question is worth 10 points. The essay responses should be answered in 3-4 paragraphs (4-6 sentences per paragraph) using proper technical and grammar writing skills. Remember to be as detailed as possible when responding to the essay questions. Students are welcome to elaborate over the four paragraphs if time permits.