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Which of the following ADHD medications acts as a central alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonist, reducing sympathetic outflow?

A 32-year-old man is brought to the emergency department after being found unresponsive with shallow breathing. His friend reports he has a history of heroin use. On examination, his pupils are pinpoint, and his respiratory rate is 6/min. Which of the following is the most appropriate pharmacologic agent to reverse his symptoms?

Atomoxetine exerts its therapeutic effect in ADHD primarily through:

Select the most common effect on a gene following cytosine methylation at CpG sequences in its promoter (i.e. 5-methylcytosine).

A 32-year-old woman arrives in the emergency department accompanied by a friend after reporting she was sexually assaulted. She appears tearful, withdrawn, and states, “I just want to go home.” The nurse prepares to assist with the forensic examination and evidence collection. In this situation, which nursing action demonstrates the highest priority in providing trauma-informed, patient-centered care?

What is the pleasure neurotransmitter and that is released in the ventral striatum (nucleus accumbens) and is central to the reward experience?

Which of the following statements about epigenetic inheritance are true? Select true or false for each statement. It is possible for epigenetic marks to be heritable from parent to offspring. [blank1] “Imprinting” is a phenomenon where some alleles become permanently imprinted in a lineage, regardless of whether the allele came form a male or female gamete. [blank2] Some chromosomes get nearly completely silenced by epigenetic modifications; those modifications are inherited through mitosis but not meiosis. [blank3] Histone modifications like methylation and acetylation can be inherited through mitosis. [blank4]

Which of the following are known to affect changes in histone modifications? Select all correct answers.

In prokaryotes, the trp operon is finely regulated to ensure that there is a steady supply of tryptophan. One mechanism through which this operon is regulated is the formation of stem loops on the mRNA transcript. The diagram below illustrates how these hairpins form in high (top) or low (bottom) tryptophan conditions. Now imagine that an in-frame deletion mutation occurs in region 3, preventing its stem loop formation with only region 4 (light blue), but does not prevent stem loop formation with region 2 (red). This effectively makes the formation of the terminator hairpin impossible, but has no other effect on the operon (i.e. the affected amino acid sequence of the “leader” trpL has no effect). Of the following scenarios, which is the most reasonable outcome of this mutation?

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