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What does the following line of C code output?   double pi = 3.1415927;printf(“PI is %.3f\n”, pi);

When considering ordering a lab or diagnostic test for a patient you know which of the following to be true?

Suppose a group of researchers is interested in investigating whether a new type of chemotherapy is safe for breast cancer patients who are pregnant. Initially the researchers plan to conduct a randomized controlled trial in which they randomly assign pregnant patients to the intervention group, in which they receive the new chemotherapy, or to the control group, in which they receive usual care. Before the researchers start their randomized controlled trial, they submit their study protocol to the institutional review board. However, the institutional review board decides to disapprove the study and advises the researchers to change their study design into an observational study design.   Why did the institutional review board disapprove this study? (max. 6 points).

Suppose a group of researchers conducted a randomized controlled trial to determine if a safe sex intervention helped prevent chlamydia among college students. In total, 220 college students participated in the randomized controlled trial, of whom 106 were randomized to the intervention condition and 114 to the control condition. Participants in the intervention condition were offered an online educational module on safe sex practices. Participants in the control condition did not receive any specific resources on safe sex practices. After one year, the participants were asked to report if they had chlamydia at any point during follow-up. The data from this study are summarized in table 1.   Table 1. Data from a hypothetical intervention aimed at preventing chlamydia among college students. Chlamydia prevented Yes No Total Condition Intervention 99 7 106 Control 95 19 114 Total 194 26 220   Which of the following calculations provides an estimate of the risk ratio between those in the intervention group and control group?

Suppose a group of researchers performed a randomized controlled trial to determine if among Floridan adults with major depressive disorder a mindfulness-based cognitive therapy intervention is effective in reducing depressive symptoms after three-months compared to standard cognitive therapy. The researchers have finalized their data collection and are ready to analyze the data. However, the researchers disagree about the most appropriate measure of association for their study. Researcher A thinks that a risk ratio would be the most appropriate measure, while researcher B thinks that an odds ratio would be the most appropriate measure.   What would be the more appropriate measure of association in this situation, the risk ratio or odds ratio (2 points)? Explain why your chosen measure of association is more appropriate than the other (max. 4 points).

Please show blank piece of paper (front and back) to the camera before you begin.

Please turn in your scratch paper to Professor Hovda or designated proctor before leaving the room.

Darius I relied on a system of satrapies which were…

What is the key difference between rivers like the Tigris or the Euphrates and the Nile River? 

Bill and Ted work in a kitchen.  It takes Bill less time to complete all tasks, as compared to Ted.  Which of the following statements is true?