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Which of the following are considered advantages of Noncontingent Reinforcement (NCR)? Select all that apply.

Extra credit question (4 points; it shows as 0 points in this exam so that Canvas will not count it in the denominator, I will manually add up to 2 points as appropriate when grading so that it will show as extra credit). When writing this test, I attempted to effectively cover material that we have learned so far. But you have assuredly studied and learned a lot more than we could possibly cover in this exam! Please consider any single topic you learned about that I didn’t ask you about on this test, name the topic, and then carefully explain that topic here. If you can’t think of anything you studied that I didn’t cover, or you think I covered everything, please instead just pick any topic you learned about and explain it to me. Write at least a short paragraph (minimum 4-5 sentences), although you may go longer. Please do not: list names of multiple topics, or just tell me you found [name of topic] to be really interesting. You may tell me [name of topic] was really interesting, but you must demonstrate to me that you learned about and understand the topic by explaining how it works. Relax, and please don’t stress – this is your chance to choose your own topic/question and show me you learned something from this course by telling me about it – i.e., this is meant to be a very gentle last question on this exam! 🙂 Copyright 2025 by Edmonds College Department of Biology. All rights reserved. Online sharing or distribution is prohibited. For exam use only in BIOL& 211: Majors Cellular Biology at Edmonds College. Outside help is not allowed.  

The promoter region upstream of a gene provides a binding site for ______. Copyright 2025 by Edmonds College Department of Biology. All rights reserved. Online sharing or distribution is prohibited. For exam use only in BIOL& 211: Majors Cellular Biology at Edmonds College. Outside help is not allowed.

Consider cancer in humans. 1. How does cancer arise, i.e., why does it occur, and how does a cancerous cell differ from a normal human one? Explain. 2. Might we develop a single cure for all cancers? Explain. Copyright 2025 by Edmonds College Department of Biology. All rights reserved. Online sharing or distribution is prohibited. For exam use only in BIOL& 211: Majors Cellular Biology at Edmonds College. Outside help is not allowed. Please label your answers 1 and 2 and explain briefly but thoroughly with a full paragraph (multiple sentences) for each part.

Substrate level phosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation yield ATP at various stages during aerobic cellular respiration. Explain how ATP is produced for both substrate level phosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation during each of the stages of cellular respiration. Provide a tally of the total ATP made at each stage What is the final yield for ATP at the end of cellular respiration. 

Which of the following muscles is responsible for stabilizing the shoulder joint and laterally rotating the arm?

Which of the following is directly involved in the movement mechanics of the human torso but not primarily detailed in the external layer of the abdominal wall?

A client with multiple sclerosis is complaining of severe muscle spasms. The nurse receives a prescription to administer baclofen. What is the mechanism of action of this medication that is beneficial to this client?  

Consider processes involved in the regulation of gene expression. Which of the following is the most efficient but slowest form of regulation? Copyright 2025 by Edmonds College Department of Biology. All rights reserved. Online sharing or distribution is prohibited. For exam use only in BIOL& 211: Majors Cellular Biology at Edmonds College. Outside help is not allowed.

A cell experiences a mutation in its gene coding for helicase. This cell would most directly be unable to ______. Copyright 2025 by Edmonds College Department of Biology. All rights reserved. Online sharing or distribution is prohibited. For exam use only in BIOL& 211: Majors Cellular Biology at Edmonds College. Outside help is not allowed.