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A 64-year-old woman presents with fatigue and hematuria. Imaging reveals a renal mass. What laboratory finding is most consistent with paraneoplastic syndrome from renal cell carcinoma?

A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is found to have elevated CO2 levels and low pH. Which acid-base disorder is most likely?

A 32-year-old man presents with burning epigastric pain that improves with eating. Urea breath test is positive. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A 58-year-old woman with a history of hypothyroidism presents with facial puffiness, coarse dry skin, and hoarseness. Her TSH is elevated, and free T4 is low. What is the most likely explanation?

A 72-year-old female presents with right upper quadrant pain and jaundice. Labs show elevated bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase. What is the most likely cause?

A 60-year-old female with a recent diagnosis of breast cancer is found to have a BRCA1 mutation. What is the implication of this genetic finding?

A 65-year-old woman with diabetes presents with proteinuria and hypoalbuminemia. What structural change in the nephron is most responsible?

A 28-year-old woman presents with fatigue, facial puffiness, and frothy urine. Her blood pressure is elevated, and labs show hypoalbuminemia and hyperlipidemia. What syndrome is most likely?

A nurse dissolves TWO prednisolone 5mg soluble tablets in 20mL of water.     What is the prednisolone concentration in mg/mL of the resulting solution? Give your answer to ONE (1) decimal place.

Recently published data shows that the prevalence of asthma in patients over 18-years-old is 1 in 20 and the prevalence of COPD in patients over 18-years-old is 1 in 32. Your surgery has 8,000 registered patients over the age of 18 years.   How many more patients aged over 18 would you expect to have asthma compared to the number who have COPD?