Answer one of the following three questions about Beowulf: 4…

Answer one of the following three questions about Beowulf: 4. What is Grendel? He is mearcstapa (border-walker). He lives on the border between human and something else. He transgresses boundaries, terrorizing Hrothgar’s mead-hall. Comb through the poem for details that answer this question and use the details in your answer. Think in terms of ancestry, his physical attributes, and his behavior. 6. In what sense do “pagan” and Christian values co-exist in the poem Beowulf, and how would you characterize and explain this co-existence? As you answer this question, point to details in the first half of the poem that inform your answer. 9. What is the function of the dragon episode in Beowulf, and why is it essential to the poem?

Answer one of the following three questions about Old Englis…

Answer one of the following three questions about Old English poetry: 1. How does “The Dream of the Rood” present Christ as a new type of hero designed to resonate with Anglo-Saxon values and make Christianity appealing to a Northern warrior culture? Support your claims with specific details from the text. 2. What emotions does the female speaker in “The Wife’s Lament” communicate, and what caused these emotions? How are they conveyed through the poem’s language and imagery? Support your claims with specific details from the text. 3. How can comparing six translations of “Wulf and Eadwacer” enhance your understanding of the original poem’s meaning and the interpretive choices made by its translators? Use examples from multiple translations to illustrate your claims.