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Which of the following best describes our understanding of how the major features on Earth’s surface such as mountains, trenches, and volcanoes form?

Which of the following two planets are most similar to Earth in terms of size and density?

Imagine that you are an astronomer and notice that the light from a distant galaxy is shifted toward the blue end of the electromagnetic spectrum. What conclusion would you draw?

Mammals evolved before amphibians.

Volcanoes with violent volcanic eruptions that produce pyroclastic flows are fed by magma with a very low viscosity.

What type of depositional feature is conical, with a fan-shaped structure and forms at the base of a mountain front where a stream discharges onto a relatively flat plain?

The main strength of Alfred Wegener’s hypothesis of continental drift was the many observations indicating that the continents were joined together at some point in Earth’s past. Which of the following was a piece of evidence that Alfred Wegener used? Select all that apply.

Which of the following hypotheses can we find evidence for in the rock record to explain the extinction of the dinosaurs?

How do volcanic eruptions affect Earth’s climate? 

Where did the oxygen in Earth’s third atmosphere come from?