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The immediate feeling of “energy” produced by energy drinks is most likely due to ____.

Body fat adds to total body weight, which can be a performance advantage for ____ because it adds mass.

Why does resting heart rate decrease after months of physical training and exercise?

Polypeptide chains act like long pieces of Scotch tape. They are prone to flip around and stick to themselves. When a polypeptide is being built by a cell, the chain of amino acids will automatically fold into a complicated three-dimensional shape. This shape, called a _____________ by biologists, is not random. The specific sequence of amino acids dictates how a protein folds itself.

If a Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) has been established, it must appear on the label of a vitamin supplement.

Athletes need adequate protein intake _____.

How many midterm (chapter) exams can be dropped from your overall grade?

To avoid a moderate potassium deficiency, it is recommended that individuals, including athletes, should ____.

The _____ system is highly dependent on protein because of rapid cell turnover.

It would be inappropriate to use scale weight to monitor exercise-related fluid loss and subsequent rehydration with which of the following athletes?