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A response is learned most rapidly and is most resistant to extinction if it is acquired under conditions of _____ reinforcement followed by _____ reinforcement.

Male Japanese quail became excited by a red light that was repeatedly associated with the presentation of a sexually approachable female quail. The excitement triggered by the red light was a

Laughing when other people around us laugh may be related to

Nadiya hasn’t studied Latin since high school, but she now has to help her child with their Latin homework. She is surprised to find that as she reviews the material, she is able to understand the concepts and vocabulary quickly and explain them to her child. Nadiya is engaged in

Nahele stopped teasing their sibling after their parents took away their video games as a result. In this case, the removal of video games was a

The stage of classical conditioning when a neutral stimulus first begins triggering a conditioned response is called

Ganghui’s parent is interested in learning more about Freud’s theory of repression and the evidence against it. Ganghui, who is taking an introductory psychology class, does their best to explain the concepts and research to their parent. Later, when Ganghui is taking their final exam, they find that they are able to recall the repression-related material especially easily and well. Ganghui’s enhanced learning from teaching their parent demonstrates

In operant conditioning, a negative reinforcer _____ the behavior it follows.

Research on the role of cognitive processes in learning indicates that the strength of a conditioned response depends primarily on the _____ of the CS-US association.

Which of these behaviors is typically reinforced on a variable-ratio schedule?