Facing a government shutdown deadline, Congress passes a mas…

Facing a government shutdown deadline, Congress passes a massive bill that includes funding for defense, education, agriculture, and unrelated tax provisions—many of which received little individual debate. Lawmakers are pressured to vote yes or risk halting government operations. What type of legislation is this, and what is one key criticism of its use?

A bill passes the House and the Senate with slightly differe…

A bill passes the House and the Senate with slightly different language. Before it can go to the President, members from both chambers meet to resolve the differences. One senator, however, threatens a filibuster if the final version includes a controversial amendment. Which of the following best describes the procedural step being taken and the challenge it reflects?