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What is the most common cause of hypothyroidism in the United States? 

A 55-year-old patient presents with knee pain that worsens with activity and improves with rest. There is mild swelling, crepitus, and reduced range of motion. What is the most likely diagnosis, and what is the first-line management?

Which finding is most indicative of left-sided heart failure?

A patient presents with shoulder pain and limited overhead motion. Passive range of motion is less restricted than active, and there is pain at the end of abduction. What is the likely diagnosis, and what is a common initial treatment?

Which of the following is a key feature of HFpEF (heart failure with preserved ejection fraction)?

Which is considered a high-intensity statin therapy?

In chronic stable angina, which medication is used for symptom relief rather than mortality reduction?

A patient with chronic stable angina experiences chest discomfort at rest. Which statement is correct?

What is the preferred antithrombotic therapy for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation with CHA₂DS₂-VASc score ≥2 (men) or ≥3 (women)?

Which lab value is commonly used to monitor heart failure status?