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A physical therapist assistant reviews the results of pulmonary function testing on a 44-year-old female diagnosed with emphysema. Assuming the patient’s testing was classified as unremarkable, which of the following lung volumes would MOST likely approximate 10% of the patient’s total lung capacity?

A physical therapist assistant works with a 26-year-old female whose subjective complaints include morning stiffness of her hands and visible swelling. The patient indicates that the stiffness seems to diminish with activity. This description BESTdescribes:

A physical therapist assistant prepares to initiate an exercise program for a patient with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis. Which statement is MOST accurate when designing the program?

A 16-year-old female accompanied by her mother receives exercise instructions. During the treatment session the mother makes several comments to her daughter that appear to be extremely upsetting and result in the daughter losing concentration. The MOST appropriate action is:

A physical therapist assistant discusses the plan of care for a 61-year-old male diagnosed with spinal stenosis with the referring physician. During the discussion the physician shows the physical therapist assistant a picture of the patient’s spine obtained through computed tomography. What color would vertebrae appear when using this imaging technique?

A physical therapist assistant reviews a patient coverage form that lists the parameters used during a recent ultrasound treatment to the right anterior shoulder: 1.5 W/cm2, pulsed 20%, 1 MHz, 6 minutes. Assuming the objective of the ultrasound was to increase tissue temperature, which parameter would be the MOST critical for the physical therapist assistant to alter?

A patient appears to be somewhat anxious after learning her treatment will include soft tissue massage. The MOST appropriate massage stroke to begin treatment is:

A physician orders x-rays for a 36-year-old male with shoulder pain. Which medical condition could be confirmed using this type of diagnostic imaging?

A physical therapist assistant administers ultrasound over a patient’s anterior thigh. After one minute of treatment, the patient reports feeling a slight burning sensation under the soundhead. The MOST appropriate action is to:

A physical therapist assistant recognizes that a child has significant difficulty flexing the neck while in a supine position. Failure to integrate which reflex could explain the child’s difficulty?