When “sleep training” my 8-month-old son, I “rewarded” his b…

When “sleep training” my 8-month-old son, I “rewarded” his behavior that took him closer and closer to the target behavior (i.e., sleeping). At first he got his back rubbed when he sat in his crib, then when he put his hands down on the mattress, then when he would lie down. This procedure of reinforcing behavior that moves closer to the target behavior is called ________.

Andrew, a 4-year-old, received a firetruck Lego set for his…

Andrew, a 4-year-old, received a firetruck Lego set for his birthday. The Lego set says that it is designed for 6-8 year olds. However, under the guidance and direction of his father, Andrew is able to put together the majority of the Lego set. This task is considered within Andrew’s __________.