Free Response Question 2: Proxima Centauri is the nearest s…

Free Response Question 2: Proxima Centauri is the nearest star to Earth after the Sun. Proxima Centauri is on average located 4.25 light-years away from Earth. On average, how many kilometers apart are Earth and Proxima Centauri? A light year is the distance light travels in one Earth 1 year. 1 light year = 9.4607 x 1012 km On average, how far is Earth from Proxima Centauri in miles? Enter your answers for parts A and B below. Include proper significant figures and units for your answers. Show your work and answers for this problem on your scratch paper. Upload the scratch paper within 30 mins of completing the exam.

Paravirtualization The context for this question is the same…

Paravirtualization The context for this question is the same as the previous question. Above picture shows the I/O ring data structure used in Xen to facilitate communication between the guest OS and Xen.  Guest-OS places a request in the I/O ring using the “Request Producer” pointer. Xen places a response in the I/O ring using the “Response Producer” pointer.  [2 points] You are implementing disk I/O in a guest OS using Xen’s I/O ring. What steps are needed to achieve zero-copy semantics for a block write?

LRPC and Scheduling The context for this question is the sam…

LRPC and Scheduling The context for this question is the same as the previous question. A server provides the following procedure via LRPC  uint64_t sum_array(const uint64_t *arr, size_t len) {     uint64_t sum = 0;     for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {         sum += arr[i];     }     return sum;}  The kernel will create an A-stack and map that into the client and server address spaces.  Assume the following:  (uint64_t is 8 bytes and size_t is 4 bytes)  There is programming language support for the server to access the A-stack directly. [2 points] During the actual call what is the action on the client side so far as A-stack is concerned?