A 70-year-old patient with acute respiratory distress syndro…

A 70-year-old patient with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is admitted to the ICU and placed on mechanical ventilation due to worsening hypoxemia. The patient is agitated, fighting the ventilator, and attempting to remove the endotracheal tube despite verbal reassurance. The nurse reviews the patient’s current ventilator settings and assessment findings: Mode: Assist-Control (AC) Tidal Volume: 450 mL Respiratory Rate: 18 breaths per minute FiO₂: 70% PEEP: 12 cm H₂O Blood pressure: 140/88 mmHg Heart rate: 115 bpm The provider orders medication therapy to optimize patient comfort and ventilator synchrony. Which medications should the nurse anticipate administering? Select all that apply

A patient with end-stage chronic obstructive pulmonary disea…

A patient with end-stage chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is admitted to the ICU with increasing dyspnea and confusion. The patient has a history of chronic hypercapnia. Arterial blood gas (ABG) results are as follows: pH: 7.32 PaCO₂: 68 mmHg PaO₂: 54 mmHg HCO₃: 30 mEq/L The nurse notes that the patient is receiving 100% oxygen via a non-rebreather mask. The nurse understands that this high level of oxygen may lead to which physiologic response?