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A 70 y/o male presents with the chief complaint of dyspnea on exertion. The dyspnea has gradually increased over the years. Severe kyphoscoliosis is present and denies smoking history.A bedside spirometrys is performed and reveals:           Spirometry                 Predicted       Observed        Predicted %FVC                           3.78                1.46                39SVC                           3.78                1.42                38FEV 1                        2.57                1.40                54FEV1/ FVC%                     96         MVV                          114           76          67FEF 25-75%              2.46          1.89         77           Interpret PFT Results:

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Bellows spirometers are also called _____________________ spirometers.

What volume of air is left that can be exhaled after a normal tidal volume breath?

At about how many weeks of gestation does the functional unit of the kidney begin to work?

Calibration of spirometers prior to each day of testing should be performed by using ___________________________.

Absence of an ureteral jet is consistent with 

Which of the following is an expected normal Vt of a patient that has an IBW of 50 kg

In cases of von Hippel-Lindau disease, which of the following is not true?

Evaluate the following results.  Did this patient improve after bronchodilator? PREBRONCHODILATOR POSTBRONCHODILATOR PREDICTED OBSERVED %PREDICTED OBSERVED %PREDICTED FVC (L) 4.45 3.86 87 4.39 99 FEV1 (L) 3.29 2.80 85 3.38 101 FEV1/FVC% 73 77 MVV (L/MIN) 126 107 85 144 114 FEF25-75 3.6 2.4 67 3.5 98