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All of the following should be avoided with an ostomy EXCEPT:

____________ is notable for affecting ALL layers of the intestinal mucosa.  _________ is notable for only effecting the first two layers (mucosa and submucosa) of the intestinal mucosa.

Which sphincter or valve is most important for preventing dumping syndrome?

Which of the following is a side effect of the medication Lactulose? 

Which drug administration route causes many drugs to undergo the “first-pass effect”?

A patient with excessive vomiting or NGT suction is at an increased risk of  __________

The following is a common cause of osmotic diarrhea: 

Which abbreviation indicates that a drug is to be given orally?

______________ is the study of the four basic processes of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion in response to drugs.

The predominant role of this process is the mixing of food and occurs in the small and large intestine (not the esophagus).