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The molecule shown here, which is a toxin potentially produced during a red tide, is called ______________________.  

Which taxon of animals might have a venom delivery system that includes a dorsal spine?

The study of mRNA produced by a specific tissue type is called ________________.

Using what we discussed about spiders and their venoms as examples, please explain how loss of biodiversity affects the field of toxinology.  (2 pts – looking for four ideas here)

The molecule pictured here is a(n) _________________.  

Give two (2) examples of toxins or toxin families named based on structural characteristics and explain why they are defined as structural.  Next, do the same for two (2) toxins or toxin families named based on functional characteristics and explain what puts them in the functional category.  (4 pts)

Which of the following would be true about the conotoxin λ-MgIXG?

Explain what the differences are between a voltage-gated sodium channel (Nav) and a ligand-gated potassium channel.  Please write in comparative language such as “A does X while B does Y.” (2 pts – looking for four facts here, so state even the obvious)

Which of the following geographic locations would most likely have the highest diversity of venomous/poisonous organisms?

This is NOT an open book exam. I will not use course textbooks, printed E-book chapters/pages and/or notes. I will strictly refrain from accessing any search engines or websites during the test duration. I will not use my cell phone to look up answers.