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The ultrasonic scaler converts electrical energy into high frequency (“ultrasonic”) sound waves.  The sounds waves then:

Which of the following would be suitable for this patient with these open class 1 cervical embrasures? ex 2 cl 1 emb.jpg

Which of the following would be LEAST helpful to the patient in cleaning the area with this fixed retainer device?  ex 2 retainer.jpg

What gingival condition is depicted here? ex 2 pd1.PNG

Of the following choices, what insert and power setting would be best to remove this type of heavy calculus? supra.jpg

Which primary tooth shows the greatest level of involvement (is the most advanced) in the caries progression process? exam 2 pix ecc code.png

This picture illustrates how a carious lesion progresses: ex 2 figure_16-8 lesion progression.jpg  

Case #2 – Your patient is a 21-year-old male presenting for an appointment 16 months after his last appointment. He has no significant findings on his health history. He has sealants on all of his first molars and a veneer on tooth #9. There is a grayish ‘shadow’ to the occlusal surface of #31 and obvious cavitation to the occlusal of #18. You note generalized heavy biofilm deposits, especially at the cervical margin of the maxillary anterior teeth.Question: After the biofilm is removed, you dry the teeth and notice a dull, chalky white appearance to the enamel that was underneath the biofilm. What is your assessment?

A “white-spot lesion” related to the caries disease process 

How often should a patient update a medical history?