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This basic component of immunohematology is defined as a substance capable of stimulating the production of an antibody and then reacting with that antibody in a specific way. 

An organic compound that is the building block of proteins.

 A nurse is preparing to begin fluid replacement therapy on an older, dehydrated client. Before a client is started on replacement therapy, which physiological function should be assessed? 

During a new nurse’s orientation to the intensive care unit, the preceptor notices the new nurse is “catching up” on IV fluids that were not infused earlier in the shift and the preceptor immediately intervenes. What possible complication could occur if the preceptor had not intervened?

Use the picture above to answer the following questions. Make sure you match the picture to the name and letter. 

A 25-year-old client who is a Jehovah’s Witness was recently diagnosed with multiple myeloma. The client presents with a hemoglobin (Hgb) level of 6 g/dL. The client’s healthcare provider orders a transfusion of 4 units of packed red blood cells (PRBCs), but the client refuses. Which is the most appropriate action by a nurse? 

A critical care nurse is caring for a DKA patient requiring multiple, simultaneous infusions during her shift, such as antibiotics, replacement fluids with added potassium chloride, and insulin. The nurse is concerned about making a medication error due to the high number of infusions and programing errors. For this infusion scenario, which infusion regulation device is most recommended. 

An ER physician is placing a central venous catheter (CVC) in a disoriented patient’s subclavian vein with a nurse assisting. The patient is having difficulty holding still during the procedure and the physician accidently causes trauma to the patient’s lung. The nurse immediately assesses the patient and finds he is becoming increasingly short of breath and she auscultates a crunching sound with the heartbeat. What complication does the nurse suspect has occurred? 

A nurse obtains a blood specimen for type and cross match for a client suspected of having type B-positive blood. The nurse understands that B-positive blood contains which antibody in the plasma? 

An emergency department nurse is administering a colloidal I.V. solution to a client diagnosed with hypovolemia. Which solution, administered by the nurse, is considered a colloid solution?