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1. Read this case: A Virginia police officer relied on a tip that Mr. Harris was driving while intoxicated . The tip described Harris, his automobile, and the direction he was traveling in considerable detail.  When Harris was pulled over by the officer, he reeked of alcohol; his speech as slurred; and he failed the sobriety test. The Virginia court  found that this was an unreasonable search and seizure because the police relied on an anonymous informant and did not independently verify that Harris was driving while inebriated.  2. Do you agree or disagree with the Virginia court? Explain! (80-100 words)

The DEA often uses the Markonni Drug Courier profile for Terry stops at airports. Name only four traits or characteristics of a traveler that will trigger a Terry stop based on the Markonni profile. Like Professor Kapenda, you may not agree with the Markonni Drug Courier profile.    a) ………………………….. b) ………………………….. c) …………………………. d) ………………………….

Instructions: 1. Read this story: PITTSBURGH – A resident of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, has been arrested in Pittsburgh on charges of possessing a mixture of fentanyl, as well as crack cocaine, Acting United States Attorney Stephen R. Kaufman announced today. The criminal complaint named Tyrell Revis, 18, of Pittsburgh, as the sole defendant. Mr. Revis made an initial appearance today in federal court and will have a preliminary examination and a detention hearing on Wednesday May 19, 2021, at 11 a.m. before Chief Magistrate Judge Cynthia Eddy. According to the complaint, on May 12, 2021 Mr. Revis was stopped by police for traffic violations including driving 60 to 65-mph in a 25-mph zone. As police approached, they saw Mr. Revis and a female passenger in the front seat making furtive movements. There was also a minor child in the backseat. After the two adults were directed to exit the vehicle, police saw on the front passenger seat five bricks (250 stamp bags) of a substance that field-tested positive for fentanyl. Mr. Revis admitted that he tossed those five bricks to the female passenger. Police also found another 30 bricks (1,500 stamp bags) that field-tested positive for fentanyl in the center console, a firearm under the diaper bag in the back seat, and around 18 grams of a substance inside the diaper that field-tested positive for crack cocaine. The law provides for a maximum total sentence of 20 years in prison, a fine of $1 million or both if Mr. Revis is convicted. Under the Federal Sentencing Guidelines, the actual sentence imposed would be based upon the seriousness of the offense and the prior criminal history, if any, of the defendant. Mr. Revis is being detained pending a detention hearing. Assistant United States Attorney Ira M. Karoll is prosecuting this case on behalf of the government. The Allegheny County Police Department and the Munhall Police Department made the initial traffic stop and have been assisted by the Federal Bureau of Investigation in conducting the investigation leading to the arrest of Mr. Revis. A criminal complaint is an accusation. A defendant is presumed innocent unless and until proven guilty. Updated May 13, 2021 2. Explain why this is a good case of constitutional policing. I am not asking you to re-tell the story. Instead, I expect you to use the Constitution to explain why police acted properly. Back up your explanation with evidence from the article. (80-100 words)  

Think of only two exigent circumstances (= emergencies) where the police can arrest a suspect without an arrest warrant   Exigent circumstance 1: ………………………………………………………………………   Exigent circumstance 2: ………………………………………………………………………

  I want to make sure that you understand the difference between a Terry stop and an arrest. Explain only three (3) differences between a Terry stop and an arrest.  

Explain why arrests for minor offenses are generally unreasonable.  Give at least two good reasons.

Instructions: 1. Read this case: Utah Highway Patrol (UHP) receive a tip via phone from the liquor store owner that a motorist with Utah license plate purchased some kegs of alcohol in Evanston, Wyoming, and that he is headed to Utah. The store owner discovered the Utah license plate only when loading the kegs into the client’s vehicle. He has seen this before: Utahns coming to his store to buy kegs to take home. The store owner provides UHP with the license plate number, the color of the vehicle and a very detailed description of the motorist.  A UHP officer intercepts the motorist on I-80 near Park City. He proceeds to pull him over and search the vehicle. He found three kegs of alcohol and arrests the motorist for violating Utah alcohol law 32B, Chapter 4, Section 602 (1), which reads:  “It is unlawful for a person, including a motor carrier, or staff of the person to order or purchase an alcoholic product or to cause an alcoholic product to be shipped, carried, or transported into this state, or from one place to another within this state except as otherwise authorized by this title.”. The motorist was charged with a class B misdemeanor punishable with up to six month in jail. 2. Were the search and seizure constitutional? Explain!  Use what you learned in Chapters 4 and 5. A short answer will not help.      

Officer Williams has impounded Mr. Doe’s unregistered Jeep. He performs an inventory search inside the vehicle. Before the vehicle is towed, Officer Williams felt inspired to use his flashlight and look under the belly of the Jeep. Year of experience paid off: he detected a hidden compartment with six bricks of heroin and another with seven bricks of cocaine. Is this evidence admissible at trial? Explain your answer.

What is the purpose of searches incident to an arrest? In other words, why can officers legally perform a warrantless search on an arrestee? Give two reasons

In June 2015, a pair of convicted murderers escaped from a maximum security prison in upstate New York and were reported fleeing towards Canada. The police used deadly force to seize one of them. Was the use of deadly force justified? Yes/No. EXPLAIN your answer!