A dog barks constantly, day and night. After complaints from…

A dog barks constantly, day and night. After complaints from neighbors, the owner bought an automatic bark-sensing shock collar and put it on the dog. Now, every time the dog barks, the collar detects the sound and delivers a painful shock to its neck. After wearing the collar for a day, the dog no longer barks excessively. The dog’s behavior was modified through which learning process?

Contemporary models of intelligence advocate expanding the c…

Contemporary models of intelligence advocate expanding the concept of intelligence to include a broader range of abilities. Which of the following is not one of the abilities contemporary theorists argue should be emphasized more in defining and measuring intelligence?