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“There can be no society which does not feel the need of upholding and reaffirming at regular intervals the collective sentiments and the collective ideas which make its unity and its personality.”

“But the facing of so vast a prejudice could not but bring the inevitable self-questioning, self-disparagement, and lowering of ideals which ever accompany repression and breed in an atmosphere of contempt and hate.”

“It is enough for ‘us’ to set up these boundaries in our own minds; ‘they’ become ‘they’ accordingly, and both their territory and their mentality is designated as different from ‘ours’. To a certain extent modern and primitive societies seem thus to derive a sense of their identities negatively.”

Select just ONE of these combinations to compare and contrast. It must be different from your selection in Question 26. Answer in 4-6 sentences. (+5 points) Gilman and Collins Simmel and Adorno & Horkheimer Option Voted for by the Students: Du Bois and Said

“Visibility is a trap.”

SHORT ESSAY. Our more contemporary theorists are responding to our classical theorists, whether in support of, in critique of, or a combination of both. Your task is to demonstrate to what extent the following theorists are connected to each other, and how. Select just ONE of these and explain how they all connect with each other, emphasizing key concepts from the classical theorists that inform the key concepts of the contemporary theorist. Make sure to provide clear and accurate definitions of their key concepts and the contexts in which they are writing. Answer in 10-12 sentences. (+10 points)

“Power has its principle not so much in a person as in a certain concerted distribution of bodies, surfaces, lights, gazes: in an arrangement whose internal mechanisms produce the relation in which individuals are caught up.”

“We are the only animal species in which the female depends on the male for food, the only animal in which the sex-relation is also an economic relation.”

“There can be no society which does not feel the need of upholding and reaffirming at regular intervals the collective sentiments and the collective ideas which make its unity and its personality.”

“Wages are a direct consequence of estranged labor, and estranged labor is the direct cause of private property.”