Blog

How was the Alu element inserted into hominoid genomes during evolution?

Why is the reversed genomic orientation of these elements important for the proposed mechanism of tail loss?

How can an intronic insertion (that does not directly change coding exons) still cause a strong phenotype?

A 30-year-old nurse presents with dry, red, itchy patches on her hands, worse after frequent handwashing with soap. There is no history of allergy. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

An obese 45 y/o female presents with periodic “heartburn.”  Examination reveals epigastric tenderness.  You would initially suggest which one of the following?

A 45-year-old sexually active patient states that in general she is feeling well without fatigue but for the past 6 months or so she has been experiencing changes to her menstrual cycle. They are unpredictable in their timing and coming less frequently. From the following list, what lab test would you find least helpful to order to assess for anovulatory bleeding in this case?

Unopposed estrogen may increase risk for

A nulliparous 28 year old patient is presenting with concerns about premenstrual pelvic pain that subsides after menses begins.  The pain has increased in the past 6-8 months.  Her periods have always been regular since menarche at age 12. She is married and has been trying to conceive for “a while” except that she complains of painful intercourse and occasional pain with bowel movements.  What would be at the top of your list of differential diagnoses?

GRAM-POSITIVE coccus: Staphylococcus bacillus: Bacillus, Clostridium  GRAM-NEGATIVE bacillus: Proteus, Pseudomonas, Escherichia, Serratia  CATALASE positive: Bacillus, Escherichia, Proteus, Pseudomonas, Serratia, Staphylococcus negative: Clostridium, Lactococcus INDOLE positive: Escherichia, Proteus negative: Bacillus, Clostridium, Lactococcus, Pseudomonas, Serratia, Staphylococcus  UREASE positive: Proteus, Staphylococcus negative: Bacillus, Clostridium, Escherichia, Lactococcus, Pseudomonas, Serratia SUCROSE FERMENTATION acid and gas: Bacillus acid: Escherichia, Lactococcus, Proteus, Serratia, Staphylococcus negative: Clostridium, Pseudomonas  Use the dichotomous key above to answer the following questions. Identify the gram-negative, indole positive, urease negative, sucrose acid production, rod 

GRAM-POSITIVE coccus: Staphylococcus, Lactococcus bacillus: Bacillus, Clostridium  GRAM-NEGATIVE bacillus: Proteus, Pseudomonas, Escherichia, Serratia  CATALASE positive: Bacillus, Escherichia, Proteus, Pseudomonas, Serratia, Staphylococcus negative: Clostridium, Lactococcus INDOLE positive: Escherichia, Proteus negative: Bacillus, Clostridium, Lactococcus, Pseudomonas, Serratia, Staphylococcus  UREASE positive: Proteus, Staphylococcus negative: Bacillus, Clostridium, Escherichia, Lactococcus, Pseudomonas, Serratia SUCROSE FERMENTATION acid and gas: Bacillus acid: Escherichia, Lactococcus, Proteus, Serratia, Staphylococcus negative: Clostridium, Pseudomonas  Use the dichotomous key above to answer the following questions. Identify the gram-positive, catalase negative, coccus