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You are evaluating a patient using the Glasgow Coma Scale for a neurologic assessment.  What neurological component is used when utilizing this scale? 

Extra Credit – 3 points An astronaut has just returned to Earth from space.  She undergoes a medical examination upon her return and is told that her bone health is not normal.   What has happened to her bone health and why?  What do you expect her blood calcium levels to be, along with any blood work (PTH, calcitriol etc)?  Explain WHY.  

What are these folds in the stomach called?

A patient that was started on olanzapine (Zyprexa) – a second generation atypical antipsychotic – one month ago comes into the clinic for a follow-up appointment.  The healthcare provider (HCP) wants to observe the patient to determine if they are presenting with the life-threatening side effect associated with this medication.  What clinical manifestations would you anticipate to see if the patient is presenting with this life-threating side effect? Note: Full credit can only be obtained only if all correct choices are selected.  

A patient had abdominal surgery this morning. The patient is groggy but complaining of severe pain around the incision. What is the most important assessment data to consider before the nurse administers a dose of intravenous morphine to the patient based on the parental opioid side effects?

A patient presents to the clinic with symptoms of depression.  While reviewing the patient’s chart, you note that they also have a medical history of chronic pain.  Which antidepressant would you recommend to the health care provider (HCP) based on these findings? 

Suppose cells in the process of dividing are dosed with colchicine, a drug that interferes with the polymerization of microtubules. At which stage do you think will mitosis be arrested? Why?

The fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, has a total of eight chromosomes in each of its somatic cells.    2n=_____   On a separate sheet of paper, draw a fruit fly cell at the end of telophase/beginning of cytokinesis.  Draw the proper number of chromosomes (assume they’re still fully condensed).   Label: Each chromosome (numbered 1-__) Nuclear envelope Centromere Centrosome Cleavage furrow   Then, turn this drawing in as a file upload question here.

Identify and explain the process in eukaryotic cells that will proceed normally whether oxygen (O2) is present or absent. How is this possible? Why is this such a necessary and positive adapation within cells?

Relating back to your graphs from the previous question answer the following: a) name and briefly describe the biological processes that are operating in the lake to produce the observed data.  Explain how these processes would account for your prediction of the results for a heavily overcast day. b) Describe how the introduction of extremely high levels of nutrients such as nitrates and phosphates (basically algae fertilizer) would affect subsequent oxygen level observations over the next several months. Consider the fact that the algae will eventually die and get decomposed by bacteria and fungi.