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True or False: Lyme disease is spread by fleas. 

True or False: Rhinovirus infection is vaccine preventable. 

True or False: Yersinia pestis is transmitted from person to person by direct contact with asymptomatic carriers.

True or False: Pseudomonas aerugonisa causes severe lung infections in patients with cystic fibrosis. 

An 82-year old nursing home patient is hospitalized with a 3-day history of severe, recurring diarrhea (8-10 episodes per day), abdominal cramping, fever, nausea, and signs of dehydration.  Her symptoms began a few days after completing a course of broad-spectrum antibiotics for an unrelated infection. A stool sample revealed the presence of an anaerobic spore-forming gram-positive bacillus capable of producing toxins (A and B).  The doctor orders a CT scan to determine if the patient has developed a life threatening condition that could lead to perforation (a hole) in the colon. The patient is placed on vancomycin and is treated for dehydration.  A. Name the bacterium (genus and species) responsible for this patient’s condition.  B. What disease does this patient have?  C. Explain each clue provided in the narrative. 

Escherichia coli O157:H7 is capable of producing the __________ toxin which kills red blood cells (hemolysis) and can cause kidney damage.

True or False: Infection with certain strains of Human Papilloma viruses increase the risk of liver cancer. 

Matching: Match each prion disease with the appropriate host or description.

Treating infections caused by gram negative bacilli (like E. coli O157:H7) can often worsen a patient’s condition because _______.

Which statement is not true regarding the Influenza A virus?