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A currency crisis occurs when there is a speculative attack on the exchange value of currency that results in a depreciation of the currency.

According to Michael Porter, the only way for firms to create superior value is to export all manufacturing processes.

A country that introduces a currency board commits itself to converting its domestic currency on demand into another currency at a fixed exchange rate.

The logistics function controls the transmission of physical materials through the value chain, from procurement through production and into distribution.

The process of dollarization occurs when a country abandons its own currency and adopts another currency—typically the U.S. dollar.

The U.S. dollar, EU euro, Japanese yen, and British pound are all free to float against each other, which means their exchange rates constantly fluctuate.

The activities of the International Monetary Fund declined after the collapse of the Bretton Woods system in 1973.

The Andean Community was based on the EU model and was far more successful at achieving its goals.

A government can increase the money supply simply by telling the country’s central bank to issue more money.

Assume that the euro/dollar exchange rate is €1 = $1.20. If it costs $36 to buy a European product, the stated price of the product would be €36.