It is known that males make up approximately 49% of the U.S….

It is known that males make up approximately 49% of the U.S. population. A researcher wants to examine whether the proportion of males currently incarcerated in prisons within the United States differs from the proportion of males in the United States. What is the null hypothesis for this hypothesis test?

A company claims that fewer than 40% of its employees commut…

A company claims that fewer than 40% of its employees commute by car. A random sample of 200 employees shows that 78 commute by car. Use a 5% level of significance to test the company’s claim.   The p-value is [a] alpha (the significance level), so we [b]. There [c] enough evidence to conclude that fewer than 40% of its employees commute by car.