A 24-year-old woman with a family history of autoimmune dise…

A 24-year-old woman with a family history of autoimmune disease has recurrent viral infections. Lab testing shows many self-reactive T cells in her periphery and unusually low numbers of regulatory T cells (Tregs). Based on what you learned about tolerance, explain why she is at high risk for autoimmunity.

A clinic uses an ELISA to screen a patient’s serum for antib…

A clinic uses an ELISA to screen a patient’s serum for antibodies against a particular bacterial pathogen. The wells in a 96-well plate are coated with bacterial antigen, then patient serum is added, followed by an enzyme-linked antibody and substrate. Some wells show a strong color change. Which interpretation best synthesizes the principles of ELISA?