Brooke was instructed by her college that she needed to chan…

Brooke was instructed by her college that she needed to change her password for her school email.  She did so but as time went on, Brooke could no longer remember her old password that she needed to log in to another account with.  The new password interfering with remembering the old password is an example of:

Nicole is very quiet in class and does not participate often…

Nicole is very quiet in class and does not participate often. Her professor does not know if she is grasping the material or not but when Nicole takes her first exam, she receives a perfect score. According to Edward Tolman, Nicole is demonstrating __________ learning.