You are a prominent trade unionist at a local engineering co…

You are a prominent trade unionist at a local engineering company. Your manufacturing plant has recently been selected for a major redesign of production operations. The old design used a traditional labor-intensive manufacturing system, but the new system will be a highly automated, “cutting edge” production process. Computers and robots will take over many old tasks, but management has said that it will retrain all employees for new roles in the company. Management is certain that the proposed changes will make the plant more competitive. When management argues that the new system will secure the company’s future where “we all win” and shows dismay when the union expresses doubts, management is displaying which view of the organization:

During the 1970’s American automakers were caught in the min…

During the 1970’s American automakers were caught in the mindset that only big, American-made cars would sell. During this time companies such as Honda and Toyota were able to capitalize immensely by selling compact, foreign-made vehicles. Which metaphor best reflects the American Auto Industry during this time?