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A coffee chain positions its brand around the aroma, cozy atmosphere, and the moment of calm it offers busy customers. Which kind of benefit is the brand leveraging?

A small bakery wants to understand why its sales are dropping. Instead of guessing, the owner surveys customers about their satisfaction and competitors they prefer. What step of marketing planning is the owner applying?

A casino group collects data on player spending habits and uses it to send personalized offers—free dinners, room upgrades, or concert tickets—based on each guest’s preferences. The approach increases repeat visits and loyalty.What marketing practice does this best illustrate?

A start-up skincare company uses the tagline, “Finally, luxury that doesn’t cost the planet.” It targets eco-conscious millennials who want quality without guilt. Which of the Three Cs is most central in this strategy?

A luxury watch brand known for heritage and craftsmanship introduces a cheaper digital line for young consumers. Sales rise briefly, but loyal buyers feel betrayed and stop purchasing. What problem did the brand experience?

A smartphone company learns that many customers choose competitors because they offer more affordable prices. Management introduces a lower-cost version with fewer features. What kind of differentiation is this company emphasizing?

Which photoreceptors specialize in color vision and function best in bright light?

The height of a wave is its:

Slightly different views that each eye receives create:

The conversion of sensory energy into neural signals is: