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Section I: Assorted Multiple-Choice and Numerical Answer (14 Points – 2 Points Each) Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

What is a major difference between Ideal Free Distribution (IFD) and conspecific attraction?

Territoriality can be a risky strategy! Explain two potential benefits and two potential costs of territoriality. Use examples from the lecture or textbook in your response.

Territoriality can be a risky strategy! Explain two potential benefits and two potential costs of territoriality. Use examples from the lecture or textbook in your response.

Refer to the figure. This is a graph of the blood testosterone levels of lactating versus pregnant female hyenas.   These findings most directly support the

In a study on mate choice, men and women were able to spend “mate dollars” on traits they desired in a life partner. With a limited budget, women spent 17% of their money on yearly income, compared to only 3% spent by men on the same trait. Thus, women seem to prefer men that can provide direct, material benefits. Which hypothesis for this preference is based on kin-selection theory?

Male barn swallows have thin outer tail feathers that are somewhat longer than those possessed by females. When Anders Møller analyzed the effect of tail length on male mating success in the barn swallow in Europe, he did an experiment in which he randomly assigned males to one of three groups: he made some males’ tail feathers shorter by trimming them and made other males’ tail feathers longer by gluing feather sections onto their tails. But he also created a group in which he cut off parts of the males’ tail feathers and then simply glued the fragments back on to produce a tail of unchanged length. What was the point of this group? And why did he randomly assign his subjects to the shortened, lengthened, and unchanged tail groups?

Kirk’s dik-dik is a small African antelope that usually forms male–female pairs. Males place their scent marks over those of the female, which hides the signals of sexual receptivity that females produce when they are fertile. This finding supports the

Identify one factor that can confound a study of human behavior and explain how twin studies can potentially mitigate this confounding factor.

Based on the following arterial blood gas results. what is the most likely acid-base interpretation? pH          7,32 PaCO2   54 mm Hg HCO3-   27 mEq/L BE         2