Author: Anonymous

In certain cancers, the GTPase activity of the RAS G-protein is inhibited. This means that the RAS protein can no longer hydrolyze GTP into GDP. What effect would this have on downstream cellular events?

Which part of the light-independent reactions would be affected if a cell could not produce the enzyme RuBisCO?

Why are energy carriers thought of as either “full” or “empty”?

What is the primary role of ATP in living cells?

Because they lose their mitochondria during development, red blood cells cannot perform aerobic respiration; however, they do perform glycolysis in the cytoplasm. Why do all cells need an energy source, and what would happen if glycolysis were blocked in a red blood cell?

Energy transfers take place constantly in everyday activities. Think of two scenarios: cooking on a stove and driving. Explain how the second law of thermodynamics applies to these two scenarios.

olysis releases 7.3 kcal/mol of energy (∆G = −7.3 kcal/mol of energy). If it takes 2.1 kcal/mol of energy to move one Na+ across the membrane (∆G = +2.1 kcal/mol of energy), how many sodium ions could one ATP molecule’s hydrolysis move?

Glucose synthesis requires energy, while glucose breakdown releases energy. Why is it essential for cells to carry out both processes rather than relying on just one?

Explain in your own words the difference between a spontaneous reaction and one that occurs instantaneously, and what causes this difference.

Does physical exercise involve anabolic and/or catabolic processes? Give evidence for your answer.