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In plate tectonics, a triple junction is a place on the Earth’s surface where

Of the ~4,000 known minerals, the vast majority ___________

Below is a photo of an outcrop where bedrock, unconsolidated sediments, and soil are all visible. Which of the three materials is youngest?Click to view larger image.

Ripple marks are ________

In the discontinuous series of Bowen’s reaction series, the first mineral to crystallize from a mafic melt is

If you find a tuff in the field, what type of geologic activity could you reasonably assume has occurred?

Slab pull occurs because subducting slabs are _________, and therefore are _________ dense than the surrounding asthenosphere.

How do volcanic eruptions affect global average temperatures on the Earth?

The image below shows an idealized soil profile divided up into soil horizons. Where in the horizon is extensive leaching found?Click to view larger image.

This image shows a chemical reaction that is primarily responsible for the chemical deterioration of limestone. Which form of chemical weathering does the figure show?Click to view larger image.