Bob has fallen on hard times, and decides to take drastic me…

Bob has fallen on hard times, and decides to take drastic measures to acquire some money. Accordingly, he calls Jack, an acquaintance from work whom he hates, and says, in a disguised voice, “I have your daughter with me and will kill her unless you deliver $100,000 in cash to [a designated address] in one hour.” Unbeknownst to Bob, Jack’s daughter is sitting in Jack’s office visiting him at work. Jack knows his daughter is safe, and is not the least bit worried about the threat that he has just received. Jack will be successful if he sues Bob for intentional infliction of emotional distress.

Felicity is a doctor in private practice.  She hires Miguel,…

Felicity is a doctor in private practice.  She hires Miguel, a CPA, to handle her accounting and tax needs.  Felicity soon becomes dissatisfied with the quality of Miguel’s work and sues him for negligence.  Miguel can successfully defend himself against the lawsuit by proving that he: