Author: Anonymous

INSTRUCTIONS: Select the correct translation for each problem. If Williams increases enrollment, then not both Fordham and Georgetown expand course offerings.

INSTRUCTIONS: A) Fill out a truth table for the following statement, and then B) state whether the statement is tautologous, self-contradictory, or contingent. Be sure to identify the main operator and show all of your work. (H  ∨  ∼ K)  ≡  (K  ⊃  H) You may copy the first row of a table from here: (H ∨ ~ K) ≡ (K ⊃ H)

Proposition 2CGiven the following proposition: ∼[(A  ≡  ∼ Y)  •  (B  ⊃  X)]  •  [(B  ∨  ∼ X)  •  (X  ≡  A)]In Proposition 2C, the main operator is a:

​ ​ INSTRUCTIONS: The following selections relate to distinguishing arguments from nonarguments and identifying conclusions. Select the best answer for each. Humans are biological organisms. To understand our behavior and mental processes, we need to understand their biological underpinnings, starting with the cellular level, the neuron. How we feel, learn, remember, and think all stem from neuronal activity. So, how a neuron works and how neurons communicate are crucial pieces of information in solving the puzzle of human behavior and mental processing. Richard Griggs, Psychology: A Concise Introduction

INSTRUCTIONS: The following problems relate to identifying and evaluating inductive and deductive arguments. Select the best answer for each.If the Big Bang theory is correct, then the universe is billions of years old. And if the Big Bang theory is correct, then the universe was not created in six days. Thus, if the universe is billions of years old, then it was not created in six days.

​ INSTRUCTIONS: The following selections relate to distinguishing arguments from nonarguments and identifying conclusions. Select the best answer for each.Karl Marx believed that the key to human history was class conflict. According to Marxist theory, the bourgeoisie are locked in inevitable conflict with the proletariat. This bitter struggle can end only when members of the working class unite in revolution and throw off their chains of bondage. The result will be a classless society, one free of exploitation, in which everyone will work according to their abilities and receive according to their needs. James M. Henslin, Essentials of Sociology

INSTRUCTIONS: The following problems relate to identifying and evaluating inductive and deductive arguments. Select the best answer for each.The engraved plate beneath this painting in the art museum says “Monet.” Therefore, the painting must be the work of Monet.

​ ​ INSTRUCTIONS: The following selections relate to distinguishing arguments from nonarguments and identifying conclusions. Select the best answer for each.Developing an AIDS vaccine is not impossible, as some skeptics claim. Research suggests that the human immune system is better at fighting HIV than was originally thought. Most of those infected suppress the virus for years without developing AIDS. A small number never contract the virus despite repeated exposures. If we can figure out the mechanism that accounts for this, we’ll have clues about how to engineer a vaccine. Seth Berkley, “Don’t Quit on an AIDS Vaccine”

INSTRUCTIONS: Select the correct answer for each multiple choice question.Which of the following are all nonarguments?

Proposition 2BGiven the following proposition: [(A  ⊃  Y)  ≡  (B  ⊃  ∼X)]  ∨  ∼[(B  •  ∼ X)  ≡  (Y  •  A)]In Proposition 2B, the main operator is a: