In order to show that the Conditioned Stimulus had to give t…

In order to show that the Conditioned Stimulus had to give the dog some information, Rescorla & Wagner modified Pavlov’s classic experiment slightly. What did they do differently, to demonstrate that it was the information, i.e. “food is coming”, that was critical in classical conditioning?

Harry watches Andy skip off to go home. As he watches, Andy…

Harry watches Andy skip off to go home. As he watches, Andy seems to be shrinking. Despite Harry’s tendency to panic at the least reason, he knows that Andy is not really shrinking. Which of the following aspects of perceptual constancy allows Harry to understand that Andy is not getting smaller?