Judge Juddson sentenced Freda, a 13-year-old shoplifter, to …

Judge Juddson sentenced Freda, a 13-year-old shoplifter, to a diversion program consisting of counseling instead of sending her to reform school or jail. The judge did not want Freda to be imprinted with a reputation as a thief so early in life. This exemplifies a practice influenced by __________.