Author: Anonymous

Although the United States extended Marshall Plan aid to Eastern Europe, the USSR forced countries under the aegis of the communist bloc to reject the post-war aid. Instead, Soviets proposed [BLANK-1] as a symbolic pledge to Eastern European countries. Countries like Poland were rewarded with lucrative trade deals with Russia for boycotting the Marshall Plan while countries like Czechoslovakia lost autonomy due to having taken American aid rather than accepting the Soviet’s alternative.

In June, 1914, a Serbian nationalist and member of the Black Hand named [BLANK-1] assassinated the heir to the Austro-Hungarian Empire, Archduke Franz Ferdinand, and his wife Sophie. The assassination (coupled with the complex system of alliances European countries had formed) sparked the beginning of World War I.

Part 3 Essay Question [40%]:Your essay should have an introduction with a clear and specific thesis, a body with evidence, and a conclusion that reinforces your central argument. Select the option you feel the most comfortable with and answer it to the best of your ability.Choose ONE (1) of the following options:What is Lost Cause Mythology and how has it affected United States history (including its effects on the present era)?  Who is most closely associated with the Lost Cause Myth?  Why do you suppose that is?  Why do some historians claim that the South won the Civil War?  What evidence supports their claims?Describe the public health crisis in Great Cities during the Second Industrial Revolution.  Who were some specific urban planners and health professionals that met these challenges?  What, in particular, did these figures do to improve the health of city dwellers?  What was the ultimate effect of these improvements?  What public health improvement developed during this period do you believe has had the most profound effect on human societies; why?What factors made Chicago an important “Gateway City” during the Second Industrial Revolution? How did Chicago become a strong example of the “Modern City?” What was its role in the development of the United States as a mass consumer society? Describe the connection between nature and urbanity in the city. How did the White City become a symbol for all of these things (i.e. Chicago as a gateway city, as a modern city, as a catalyst for mass consumer society, etc.)?

Part 2 [8% points each = 40% total] Short Identification Questions (IDs):A short answer ID should briefly address the basic journalistic questions: who or what, when, where, and why. Each term should be at least 4-5 sentences long. Be sure to discuss the significance. Write an answer for FIVE (5) of the following, even if you must guess somewhat (partial credit is better than none):”A Chance for Peace”The Battle of MidwayEinsatzgruppenThe Interstate Highway SystemJune CleaverThe Kitchen Debate”Look to the Sky, Keep Looking, Keep Watching the Sky!”Operation OverlordTrabant

Westward migrants who had been displaced by the Dust Bowl were disparagingly termed [BLANK-1]. They became an archetype of Great Depression suffering, hunger, displacement, and homelessness.

Despite a massive (and in fact, increasing) wealth gap between the rich and the poor, the late nineteenth century saw the rise in the belief in [BLANK-1]. This included better nutrition and access to food, an expectation of leisure time and weekends off from work, and increased opportunities for entertainment and amusement.

Part 2 [8% points each = 40% total] Short Identification Questions (IDs):A short answer ID should briefly address the basic journalistic questions: who or what, when, where, and why. Each term should be at least  4-5 sentences long. Be sure to discuss the significance. Write an answer for FIVE (5) of the following, even if you must guess somewhat (partial credit is better than none):The American Spirit of InventionThe Annihilation of Space and TimeBirds of PassageChain MigrationThe Forgotten WarThe Frontier ThesisThe Great Constitutional RevolutionSharecroppingThe Union Stock YardsThe White Man’s Burden

Chicago saw the mass production techniques of the Second Industrial Revolution applied to agriculture and the food industry. The Chicago Union Stockyards feature [BLANK-1] where tens of thousands, and even hundreds of thousands, of livestock animals would be butchered each day.

Wall Street financier, [BLANK-1], created the world’s first billion-dollar company in 1901 when he bought out Carnegie Steel to create U.S. Steel. The formation of this massive trust signaled the arrival of the era of the monopoly.

The equilibrium potential (in mV) for Na+ at 37 oC is equal to 61 x log10 [extracellular] / [intracellular] mV.If the membrane potential of the membrane surrounding an axon (a region of a neural cell) changed to +40 mV, in which of the following examples would Na+ continue to flow into the cell if the Na+ channels remained open?