A 12-year-old male presents for evaluation of 8 months of re…

A 12-year-old male presents for evaluation of 8 months of recurrent RLQ pain, loose non-bloody stools, and 5 kg weight loss. His growth chart shows linear growth deceleration from the 45th to the 18th percentile over the past 18 months — before he reported GI symptoms. Perianal examination reveals a draining fistula and multiple skin tags. Fecal calprotectin is 2,100 mcg/g. What is the most appropriate next diagnostic workup?

A 7-year-old with known biliary atresia and cirrhosis presen…

A 7-year-old with known biliary atresia and cirrhosis presents in hemorrhagic shock with hematemesis and hematochezia. HR 158 bpm, BP 72/40 mmHg. Exam: jaundice, massive hepatosplenomegaly, ascites, and caput medusae. Blood type is sent. PRBCs are being prepared. What pharmacologic intervention should be initiated immediately while endoscopy is arranged?