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Vaccination policies during pandemics often raise ethical co…

Vaccination policies during pandemics often raise ethical concerns. As discussed in Chapter 13, explain how utilitarianism, Kantian ethics, and communitarianism would approach mandatory vaccination programs.Analyze the strengths and weaknesses of each theory when it comes to justifying or opposing vaccination policies.Which theory do you find most convincing?  Why (thoroughly justify your choice)?⚠️ Reminder: Submitting any part of this Learning Evaluation created in whole or part using AI tools (e.g., ChatGPT, Gemini, Claude, Copilot, etc.) or AI-enhanced writing/translation platforms (e.g., Grammarly, QuillBot, DeepL, Google Translate, Wordtune, Microsoft Editor, etc.) is a violation of this course’s Academic Integrity policy (see Syllabus).Like other forms of plagiarism, it is considered academic misrepresentation or fraud—because you are submitting work generated by someone or something else as your own. This includes editing suggestions or rephrasings produced by AI-based writing assistants.If you’re ever unsure whether something you’re using is allowed, ask first.

On January 3, 2020, the US carried out a drone strike near B…

On January 3, 2020, the US carried out a drone strike near Baghdad International Airport which targeted and killed Qasem Soleimani, the commander of the Quds Force, a branch of Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps. Even though the US and Iran are not at war, the US Defense Department announced that the strike was carried out in order to “protect United States personnel, to deter Iran from conducting or supporting further attacks against United States forces and interests, to degrade Iran’s and Quds Force-backed militias’ ability to conduct attacks, and to end Iran’s strategic escalation of attacks on and threats to United States interests.”  Was this military strike legal according to the laws of war? Why or why not? (6 points)

True or False: The Unable or Unwilling doctrine, which says…

True or False: The Unable or Unwilling doctrine, which says that a state can lawfully use force on the territory of another state, even without that state’s permission, if the use of force is necessary to respond to threats coming from violent non-state actors, is widely accepted as customary international law? (3 points)