The textbооk stаtes thаt "the bullwhip effect cаn be a pervasive and expensive prоblem along the supply chain." Answer the following questions in relation to the bullwhip effect: a. Briefly describe the bullwhip effect in your own words. b. List 4 key activities that can cause the bullwhip effect. How do they make the problems worse that are associated with the bullwhip effect? c. How can process integration help prevent/minimize the bullwhip effect? Provide details and identify three (3) examples from any services-based industries of your choice. d. List 4 other key activities that can act as deterrents against the bullwhip effect. How do companies minimize and/or eliminate the problems associated with the bullwhip effect?