How many grams of NaCl are in 25 mL of 2% sodium chloride so…
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Hоw mаny grаms оf NаCl are in 25 mL оf 2% sodium chloride solution? 1.
Wаs Jоhn F. Kennedy а strоng suppоrter of civil rights for Africаn Americans? -------------Document A: JFK’s Acceptance Speech-------------This is an excerpt from Senator Kennedy’s Democratic Nominationacceptance speech, delivered on July 15, 1960, at the Democratic NationalConvention. -------------The “Rights of Man”—the civil and economic rights essential to the humandignity of all men—are indeed our goal and our first principles. This is aplatform on which I can run with enthusiasm and conviction. Today our concern must be with that future. For the world is changing. Theold era is ending. The old ways will not do. Here at home, the changing face of the future is equally revolutionary. A peaceful revolution for human rights—demanding an end to racialdiscrimination in all parts of our community life—has strained at the leashesimposed by timid executive leadership. But I tell you, the New Frontier is here, whether we seek it or not. Beyondthat frontier are the uncharted areas of science and space, unsolvedproblems of peace and war, unconquered pockets of ignorance andprejudice, unanswered questions of poverty and surplus. It would be easierto shrink back from that frontier, to look at the safe mediocrity of the past, tobe lulled by good intentions and high rhetoric—and those who prefer thatcourse should not cast their votes for me, regardless of party. Source: John F. Kennedy’s acceptance speech at the Democratic NationalConvention, July 15, 1960.------------- ------------- -------------Document B: Kennedy’s Televised Address (Modified)-------------This is an excerpt of President Kennedy’s televised speech on June 11,1963. The purpose of the speech was to explain and promote a civil rightsbill that would outlaw racial discrimination in all public facilities andservices, protect African American voting rights, and give the federalgovernment greater power to enforce school desegregation and to punishemployers for racial discrimination. -------------We are confronted primarily with a moral issue. The heart of the question iswhether all Americans are to be afforded equal rights and equalopportunities, whether we are going to treat our fellow Americans as wewant to be treated. If an American, because his skin is dark, cannot eatlunch in a restaurant open to the public, if he cannot send his children tothe best public school available, if he cannot vote for the public officialswho will represent him, if, in short, he cannot enjoy the full and free lifewhich all of us want, then who among us would be content to have thecolor of his skin changed and stand in his place? One hundred years of delay have passed since President Lincoln freed theslaves, yet their heirs, their grandsons, are not fully free. They are not yetfreed from the bonds of injustice. They are not yet freed from social andeconomic oppression. And this Nation, for all its hopes and all its boasts,will not be fully free until all its citizens are free. I am, therefore, asking the Congress to enact legislation giving allAmericans the right to be served in facilities which are open to the public—hotels, restaurants, theaters, retail stores, and similar establishments. Source: President Kennedy’s national address on civil rights legislation,televised on June 11, 1963.------------- ------------- -------------Document C: Detroit Tribune, 1962-------------This article appeared in the Detroit Tribune on March 6, 1962. Civil rights leadershad called for the Kennedy Administration to prohibit discrimination in publichousing, but President Kennedy was slow to act. President Kennedy signed anexecutive order banning discrimination in federally funded housing seven monthslater. -------------King Criticizes KennedyDr. Martin Luther King, Jr. expresses strong disappointment with the first year ofthe Kennedy administration and its record in civil rights. The integration leaderdeclares . . . “in backing away from the Executive Order to end discrimination inhousing, the President did more to undermine confidence in his intentions thancould be offset by a series of smaller accomplishments during the year.” “Cautious approach of the Administration caused a possible spectacular victoryto end in tragic defeat.” Dr. King reminds the readers that JFK had made acampaign pledge to fight for this change. “It is a melancholy fact that the Administration is aggressively driving onlytoward the limited goal of token integration.” In decrying the President’s abandonment of the civil rights legislation in favor ofhis trade program, Dr. King reflects, “There is something deeply immoral indelaying human rights for a century in the pursuit of more prosperity andeconomic ascendancy.” Source: Detroit Tribune, March 6, 1962. -------------Vocabularyexecutive order: a rule issued by the president that is like a lawmelancholy: sad, upsettingtoken integration: making a minimal or symbolic effort at integration to give theappearance of racial equality, without making significant changesascendancy: dominance------------- ------------- -------------Document D: John Lewis’s Speech (Modified)-------------This is an excerpt of a speech that the Student Nonviolent CoordinationCommittee (SNCC) Chairman John Lewis planned to deliver at the March onWashington in August 1963. Leaders of the march, including Dr. Martin LutherKing, were concerned that parts of Lewis’s speech were too forceful, and theyconvinced Lewis to remove some passages before he delivered it, including hiscriticism of the Kennedy Administration’s civil rights bill and his suggestion thatcivil rights advocates would march through the South like General Sherman (whodestroyed Southern cities and plantations during the Civil War). -------------We march for jobs and freedom, but we have nothing to be proud of, forhundreds and thousands of our brothers are not here. They have no money fortheir transportation, for they are receiving starvation wages, or no wages at all. In good conscience, we cannot support wholeheartedly the administration’s civilrights bill, for it is too little and too late. There’s not one thing in the bill that willprotect our people from police brutality. I want to know, which side is the federal government on? To those who have said, “Be patient and wait,” we must say that “patience” is adirty and nasty word. We cannot be patient. We do not want to be free gradually.We want our freedom, and we want it now. We cannot depend on any politicalparty, for both the Democrats and the Republicans have betrayed the basicprinciples of the Declaration of Independence. Mr. Kennedy is trying to take the revolution out of the streets and put it into thecourts. Listen, Mr. Kennedy. Listen, Mr. Congressman. Listen, fellow citizens.The black masses are on the march for jobs and freedom, and we must say tothe politicians that there won't be a “cooling-off” period. We won't stop now. The time will come when we will not confine our marching toWashington. We will march through the South, through the heart of Dixie, theway Sherman did. We shall pursue our own “scorched earth” policy and burn JimCrow to the ground—nonviolently. We shall fragment the South into a thousandpieces and put them back together in the image of democracy. We will make theaction of the past few months look petty. And I say to you, WAKE UP AMERICA! -------------Source: Speech written by John L. Lewis in preparation for the March onWashington in August 1963.------------- ------------- -------------Document E: E President Kennedy Ponders Making a MajorCivil Rights Address-------------On June 11, 1963, President John F. Kennedy (1917–1963) delivered a major televised address to the nation announcing that he soon would ask Congress to enact civil rights legislation. Kennedy allowed documentary filmmaker Robert Drew unprecedented access to Oval Office discussions with his advisors, which were included in the film Crisis: Behind a Presidential Commitment, first broadcast October 21, 1963, on ABC, and rebroadcast in this re-edited version, Kennedy v. Wallace: A Crisis Up Close, twenty-five years later on the PBS series The American Experience, which included new interviews with participants. -------------------------- -------------Document F: Detroit Tribune, 1961 (Modified)-------------This article appeared in the Detroit Tribune on December 30, 1961. Thisarticle, like Document C, is discussing the delay of a bill to prohibitdiscrimination in federally funded housing. -------------Postpone Bias Housing Order in Bid for Southern Democrat’s VotesSay JFK May Not Issue Order Until Nov. ‘62WASHINGTON—An executive order banning racial and religiousdiscrimination in federally assisted housing has been delayed to avoidirritating the Southern Democrats. President Kennedy needs the Southern Democrats’ votes in the comingsession. Any antagonizing of Dixie Democrats might result in losing thepresent slim prospects for tax revision, medical care and tariff cutting bills. During his 1960 Presidential campaign, Mr. Kennedy promised to issue anorder prohibiting discrimination in [government home loans andgovernment building projects.] Mr. Kennedy has been criticized by civil rights groups for not having issuedthe order already. Source: Detroit Tribune, December 30, 1961.