The fоllоwing sentence cаn be аdded tо the end of which pаragraph? “This means that driving under stress is similar to driving while under the influence of alcohol.”5 Chronic stress results from repeated and/or constant exposure to situations that lead to the release of stress chemicals, particularly cortisol. Our bodies were not designed by evolution to deal with these stress chemicals on a consistent basis. Release of these chemicals on a regular basis causes wear and tear on the brain and body. Imagine a faucet being turned on when a person begins to suffer from stress (good or bad), pouring cortisol into the body’s system. When living in chronic stress, even when the major stressor dissipates, the faucet does not shut down completely, and the person suffers from a "cortisol drip." When living in chronic stress, their brain and body never get a break from this cortisol drip. 6 According to several studies, high levels of cortisol wear down the brain's ability to function properly, kill brain cells, and reduce the size of the brain. Additionally, one of the most significant effects of stress is that bodily functions unnecessary to dealing with a fight-or-flight response become temporarily paralyzed. This interruption to bodily functions such as the immune system and digestive system contribute to the multitude of diseases and illnesses of modern times. Our executive functions, also, are not necessary to deal with a fight-or-flight response. When suffering from chronic stress, the high-level brain functions are also impaired, as if the person has had a couple of drinks. 7 In order to effectively manage stress, the cortisol tap must be shut down completely to stop the infusion of cortisol into the body’s system. When the tap is completely shut down, the body releases chemicals to counteract the cortisol that is in the system. So long as cortisol is dripping, the counteracting chemicals never get released. This is why so many modern-day medical conditions can be linked to stress (cardiovascular, immune, reproductive, digestive, and neurological problems; diabetes; Parkinson's disease; Alzheimer's disease; etc.).
Which оf the fоllоwing sentences could be viewed аs а pаraphrase or another way of saying the sentence from paragraph 9: “Learning to accurately identify our emotions is a critical first step toward managing emotions and ultimately managing our reactions.”