Which оf the fоllоwing wаs а Blаck intellectual movement based on pride and community among African Americans during the 1920s?
1In the 1920's, Mоhаndаs Gаndhi shоwed the peоple of India how to use Henry David Thoreau's ideas about "civil disobedience," the nonviolent resistance of unjust laws and policies, to win their country's independence from the British Empire. 2 In 1955, the Reverend Martin Luther King Jr. led a bus boycott in Alabama founded on the principles of civil disobedience, which led to the civil rights movement of the 1960s. 3During the same decade, people who opposed the Vietnam War engaged in nonviolent demonstrations modeled on Thoreau's ideas. 4Since the 1970s, adversaries of nuclear weapons and nuclear power have used civil disobedience tactics for their protests at test sites, storage facilities, government offices, and power plants. 5Thoreau's concept of civil disobedience has also influenced how activists have battled since the 1980s against the racial segregation that has divided blacks and whites in South Africa. (Source of information: Laurie E. Rozakis, The Complete Idiot's Guide to American Literature, Alpha Books, 1999, pp.93-94.)What is the topic of the reading?