When аn instructоr sаys sоmething thаt yоu do not agree with, you should
Art wаs driving dоwn Mаin Street in а car that had been rented by his girlfriend Carоl the day befоre. Art’s name was not on the rental agreement but she had given him permission to drive the vehicle. Suddenly Art looked in his rear-view mirror and saw the flashing red lights of a police car. However, instead of pulling over, Art hit the accelerator and made an illegal turn at the nearest corner. After running through several red lights and driving at an excessive speed, to his surprise, another police vehicle rammed into the left side of his car, pushing it over the curb and into a telephone pole. Although Art’s car was successfully disabled, a pedestrian standing near the pole was seriously injured. Officer Johson ordered Art to depart from the car, and immediately patted him down. In his effort to determine if Art was in possession of a weapon, the officer felt what seemed to be a baggie of illegal drugs. As a veteran of the force for over 30 years, Officer Johnson drew this conclusion on the basis of his extensive experience. And consistent with his insight, the officer removed a baggie of cocaine from Art’s jacket pocket. Officer Johnson then signaled to his partner, Officer Kennedy, to search the interior of Art’s car. After thoroughly searching the passenger compartment of the car, Officer Kennedy then searched a backpack in the rear seat of the car where he found 30 baggies of cocaine. The cocaine was seized by Officer Kennedy and Art was immediately placed under arrest by Officer Johnson. Discuss all legal issues relating to (a) whether Art can object to the search of the car; (b) the events surrounding how the car was brought to a stop; (c) the seizure of the cocaine from Art’s jacket pocket; (d) the seizure of the cocaine from the backpack.